{"id":532,"date":"2021-06-18T14:21:59","date_gmt":"2021-06-18T14:21:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/?page_id=532"},"modified":"2025-10-18T18:20:34","modified_gmt":"2025-10-18T22:20:34","slug":"legion-organization-and-command-structure","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/index.php\/the-roman-army\/legion-organization-and-command-structure\/","title":{"rendered":"Legion Organization and Command Structure"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"532\" class=\"elementor elementor-532\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2656e85 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2656e85\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3ae9114\" data-id=\"3ae9114\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08e87e2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"08e87e2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"570\" height=\"367\" src=\"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/1.39-Aquila.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-6\" alt=\"Aquila\" srcset=\"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/1.39-Aquila.jpg 570w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/1.39-Aquila-300x193.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 570px) 100vw, 570px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e04391f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e04391f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>LEGION ORGANIZATION AND COMMAND STRUCTURE<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3cedbe4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3cedbe4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f967385\" data-id=\"f967385\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9600bab elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9600bab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Legion Organization<\/strong><\/p><p>The Marian legion originally consisted of 60 centuries organized into ten cohorts broken down as follows:<\/p><ul><li>Each<strong> Century <\/strong>was composed of 10 <strong><em>contuburnia<\/em><\/strong> of 6-8 men<em>. <\/em>These soldiers ate, trained, bunked, laboured and fought together. They shared a mule and a tent on the march.<\/li><li><strong>Centuries <\/strong>were paired into administrative units known as <strong><em>maniples<\/em><\/strong>; the senior was identified as the prior century and the junior as posterior.<\/li><li>Each <strong>Cohort<\/strong> contained three <strong><em>maniples<\/em><\/strong> ranked on a seniority basis (<strong><em>Pilus<\/em><\/strong> first followed by <strong><em>Princeps<\/em><\/strong> and then <strong><em>Hastatus<\/em><\/strong>).<\/li><li><strong>Legion<\/strong> cohorts numbered 1 through 9 featured 6 centuries each. <strong><em>Marius<\/em><\/strong> may have been responsible for reducing the number of centuries in the 1<sup>st<\/sup> cohort from six to five. By the mid-1st century AD the first cohort centuries were doubled in size.<\/li><li>A small cavalry contingent of 120 men (4 <strong><em>turmae<\/em><\/strong> of 30 horsemen) was attached to each legion. They were employed as scouts and messengers. Each cohort was assigned 10 cavalrymen and 20 were dedicated to the HQ (<strong><em>principia<\/em><\/strong>).<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a7d8e3e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a7d8e3e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e3be009\" data-id=\"e3be009\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44d9091 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"44d9091\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>COMMAND STRUCTURE (1ST &amp; 2ND CENTURIES A.D.)<\/strong><\/p><p>The roman army had three ranks \u2013 Officers, Centurions and Lower Ranks<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fbf0d58 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"fbf0d58\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cdf83f9\" data-id=\"cdf83f9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78580ea elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"78580ea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>OFFICERS<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-87081c6\" data-id=\"87081c6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7670451 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7670451\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d814496\" data-id=\"d814496\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9e5e725 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9e5e725\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/2005-scan0025-scaled.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Legatus Legionis\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"The legate (legatus) was the legion commander\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NzI0LCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvcHJpbmNpcGlhbGVnaW9uaXMub3JnXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDIxXC8wNlwvMjAwNS1zY2FuMDAyNS1zY2FsZWQuanBnIn0%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"573\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/2005-scan0025-573x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-724\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/2005-scan0025-573x1024.jpg 573w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/2005-scan0025-168x300.jpg 168w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/2005-scan0025-768x1373.jpg 768w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/2005-scan0025-859x1536.jpg 859w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/2005-scan0025-1146x2048.jpg 1146w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/2005-scan0025-1568x2803.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/2005-scan0025-scaled.jpg 1432w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 573px) 100vw, 573px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f25a5f2\" data-id=\"f25a5f2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-45c6b28 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"45c6b28\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Legatus Legionis<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>The <strong><em>legati<\/em><\/strong> <strong><em>Augusti<\/em><\/strong> <strong><em>legionis<\/em><\/strong> (legionary commanders) were senators, ex-praetors around thirty years of age who typically served a 3 (sometimes up to 7) year tour of duty.<\/li><li><strong><em>Legati<\/em><\/strong> <strong><em>Augusti<\/em><\/strong> <strong><em>pro<\/em><\/strong>&#8211;<strong><em>praetore<\/em><\/strong> governed Imperial provinces. Those provinces with one legion were commanded by ex-praetors (who also acted as legionary COs) and those with more by ex-consuls. The latter commanded all of the provincial legates and their troops (i.e., Britain had four legions).<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-975c151 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"975c151\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-73c18ec\" data-id=\"73c18ec\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5af59f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d5af59f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Tribunus Laticlavius<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>The second-in-command, a tribune and a senatorial designate around the age of 25, served for one year. Although command technically defaulted to the <strong><em>Tribunus Laticlavius<\/em><\/strong> in the absence of the <strong><em>Legatus<\/em><\/strong>, it is more probable that the <strong><em>Praefectus<\/em><\/strong> and the <strong><em>Tribuni Angusticlavii<\/em><\/strong> (see below) assumed control.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6366c7a\" data-id=\"6366c7a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-050c393 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"050c393\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/2005-155-Tribune-PPS-scaled.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Tribunus Laticlavius\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"Senior Tribune of a legion\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NzI1LCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvcHJpbmNpcGlhbGVnaW9uaXMub3JnXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDIxXC8wNlwvMjAwNS0xNTUtVHJpYnVuZS1QUFMtc2NhbGVkLmpwZyJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"633\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/2005-155-Tribune-PPS-633x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-725\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/2005-155-Tribune-PPS-633x1024.jpg 633w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/2005-155-Tribune-PPS-185x300.jpg 185w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/2005-155-Tribune-PPS-768x1243.jpg 768w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/2005-155-Tribune-PPS-949x1536.jpg 949w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/2005-155-Tribune-PPS-1266x2048.jpg 1266w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/2005-155-Tribune-PPS-1568x2537.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/2005-155-Tribune-PPS-scaled.jpg 1582w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 633px) 100vw, 633px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b0b9823 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b0b9823\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4f400a9\" data-id=\"4f400a9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-85ee413 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"85ee413\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Fort-Meigs-1-Tribunus-PPS-scaled.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Tribunus Angusticlavius\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"&quot;Equestrian&quot; Legion Tribune\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NzM3LCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvcHJpbmNpcGlhbGVnaW9uaXMub3JnXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDIxXC8wNlwvRm9ydC1NZWlncy0xLVRyaWJ1bnVzLVBQUy1zY2FsZWQuanBnIn0%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"455\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Fort-Meigs-1-Tribunus-PPS-455x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-737\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Fort-Meigs-1-Tribunus-PPS-455x1024.jpg 455w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Fort-Meigs-1-Tribunus-PPS-133x300.jpg 133w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Fort-Meigs-1-Tribunus-PPS-768x1729.jpg 768w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Fort-Meigs-1-Tribunus-PPS-682x1536.jpg 682w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Fort-Meigs-1-Tribunus-PPS-910x2048.jpg 910w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Fort-Meigs-1-Tribunus-PPS-1568x3530.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Fort-Meigs-1-Tribunus-PPS-scaled.jpg 1137w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 455px) 100vw, 455px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-640f613\" data-id=\"640f613\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fdf19d1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fdf19d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Tribuni Angusticlavii<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>Each legion had five equestrian tribunes (<strong><em>Tribuni Angusticlavii<\/em><\/strong>,) who served 3-4 years and then assumed command of a cavalry <strong><em>ala<\/em><\/strong>. They were generally former magistrates and\/or auxiliary <strong><em>cohors peditata\/equitata <\/em><\/strong>commanders. During the Principate they occupied staff positions with an administrative\/judicial focus.<\/li><li><strong><em>Tacitus<\/em><\/strong> reported that they monitored the performance\/reliability of the centurions. Their staff (<strong><em>officium<\/em><\/strong>) was comprised of clerks (<strong><em>cornicularii<\/em><\/strong> and <strong><em>secutores<\/em><\/strong>) without military responsibilities who recorded casualties, maintained current lists of men serving, processed furlough applications and dispensed discharges to retiring veterans. Tribunes often commanded vexillations, detachments of one or more cohorts on special assignments.<\/li><li><strong><em>Tribuni Semestres<\/em><\/strong> were part of H.Q. staff and served 6 months before resuming civilian life. Following the Flavian era they commanded the legion\u2019s 120-man cavalry contingent. The cavalrymen were ranked as non-combatants along with the headquarters staff and were attached to specific centuries (as opposed to forming individual units).<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0cd6982 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0cd6982\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6e8c588\" data-id=\"6e8c588\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bdc6e36 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bdc6e36\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Praefectus Castrorum<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>The third-in-command was an equestrian, a former head centurion in his late 50s with 30 plus years of experience. He was basically a quartermaster responsible for choosing camp sites and overseeing their construction inclusive of entrenchments. He inspected tent lines in temporary camps. During war he supervised the legion\u2019s baggage train, and if siege operations were anticipated he managed the battering rams and ammunition supplies. In permanent installations he oversaw the construction of barracks-blocks, internal buildings, wells and aqueducts.<\/li><li>He was the officer in command of the doctors (<strong><em>medici<\/em><\/strong>), the surveyors (<strong><em>mensores<\/em><\/strong>) and the <strong><em>horologiarius<\/em><\/strong>, the man responsible for the camp clock. He oversaw the supply of construction and surveying equipment, furnishings, <strong><em>fabrica<\/em><\/strong> supplies (inclusive of wood, iron and coal) and medical equipment for the legion\u2019s hospital (<strong><em>valetudinarium<\/em><\/strong>).<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-719dacf\" data-id=\"719dacf\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-747e068 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"747e068\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/2009-Malden-City-March.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Prefectus Castrorum\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"The prefect was third in command of the legion\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NzQ5LCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvcHJpbmNpcGlhbGVnaW9uaXMub3JnXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDIxXC8wNlwvMjAwOS1NYWxkZW4tQ2l0eS1NYXJjaC5qcGcifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"450\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/2009-Malden-City-March-450x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-749\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/2009-Malden-City-March-450x1024.jpg 450w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/2009-Malden-City-March-132x300.jpg 132w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/2009-Malden-City-March.jpg 457w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-303a967 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"303a967\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8fb4a29\" data-id=\"8fb4a29\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53a7516 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"53a7516\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/IMG_7554-Praefectus-PPS-scaled.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Primus Pilus\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"Head centurion in command of the 1st Cohort\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NzUwLCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvcHJpbmNpcGlhbGVnaW9uaXMub3JnXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDIxXC8wNlwvSU1HXzc1NTQtUHJhZWZlY3R1cy1QUFMtc2NhbGVkLmpwZyJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/IMG_7554-Praefectus-PPS-819x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-750\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/IMG_7554-Praefectus-PPS-819x1024.jpg 819w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/IMG_7554-Praefectus-PPS-240x300.jpg 240w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/IMG_7554-Praefectus-PPS-768x960.jpg 768w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/IMG_7554-Praefectus-PPS-1229x1536.jpg 1229w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/IMG_7554-Praefectus-PPS-1639x2048.jpg 1639w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/IMG_7554-Praefectus-PPS-1568x1959.jpg 1568w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-86f8792\" data-id=\"86f8792\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48d0ecc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"48d0ecc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Primus Pilus<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>The fourth-in-command was the senior centurion and leader of the 1st century of the 1st cohort. He held his post for one year. Parker believes that there were two <strong><em>primi<\/em><\/strong> <strong><em>pili<\/em><\/strong>, one who commanded the troops of the first cohort and one who served in the Legion\u2019s headquarters.<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>Princeps<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>The centurion commanding the second century of the first cohort was next in line, and he was responsible for the headquarters\u2019 staff as well as training. Ranked below him were the remaining centurions of the first cohort in the following order &#8211; <strong><em>hastatus<\/em><\/strong>, <strong><em>princeps<\/em><\/strong> <strong><em>posterior<\/em><\/strong> and <strong><em>hastatus<\/em><\/strong> <strong><em>posterior<\/em><\/strong>.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e4b8889 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e4b8889\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6a63d32\" data-id=\"6a63d32\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d2cab6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4d2cab6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>THE CENTURIONATE AND RANKS BELOW (first and second centuries AD)<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1cdc6ca elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1cdc6ca\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9f3747c\" data-id=\"9f3747c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14849b2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"14849b2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Aquilifer<\/strong><\/p><p>He carried the legion\u2019s gilded eagle (the original under Marius was silver) and ranked just below a centurion. He was entrusted with the legion\u2019s pay chest.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e8beb8f\" data-id=\"e8beb8f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-07d655d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"07d655d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/SIgnifer-and-Aquilifer-2-scaled.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Signifer and Aquilifer\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"Standard bearers\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Nzc1LCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvcHJpbmNpcGlhbGVnaW9uaXMub3JnXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDIxXC8wNlwvU0lnbmlmZXItYW5kLUFxdWlsaWZlci0yLXNjYWxlZC5qcGcifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"978\" src=\"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/SIgnifer-and-Aquilifer-2-670x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-775\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/SIgnifer-and-Aquilifer-2-670x1024.jpg 670w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/SIgnifer-and-Aquilifer-2-196x300.jpg 196w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/SIgnifer-and-Aquilifer-2-768x1173.jpg 768w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/SIgnifer-and-Aquilifer-2-1006x1536.jpg 1006w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/SIgnifer-and-Aquilifer-2-1341x2048.jpg 1341w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/SIgnifer-and-Aquilifer-2-1568x2395.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/SIgnifer-and-Aquilifer-2-scaled.jpg 1676w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cecc7bd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"cecc7bd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6e6c66d\" data-id=\"6e6c66d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-05dd4c2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"05dd4c2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/IMG_0030-2006-CENTURIO.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Centurion\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Nzc2LCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvcHJpbmNpcGlhbGVnaW9uaXMub3JnXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDIxXC8wNlwvSU1HXzAwMzAtMjAwNi1DRU5UVVJJTy5qcGcifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"504\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/IMG_0030-2006-CENTURIO-504x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-776\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/IMG_0030-2006-CENTURIO-504x1024.jpg 504w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/IMG_0030-2006-CENTURIO-148x300.jpg 148w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/IMG_0030-2006-CENTURIO-768x1562.jpg 768w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/IMG_0030-2006-CENTURIO-755x1536.jpg 755w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/IMG_0030-2006-CENTURIO.jpg 777w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 504px) 100vw, 504px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0f4fa66\" data-id=\"0f4fa66\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50650e3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"50650e3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Centurion<\/strong><\/p><p>Centurions in cohorts 2-9 were equal in rank with seniority determined by years of service. They were recognized by their transverse helmet crest, sword worn on the left and a swagger stick (<strong><em>vitus<\/em><\/strong>) with which they dispensed discipline. They typically rode when a legion was on the march. Centurions tended to die in service as opposed to retiring to civilian life.<\/p><p><strong>Principales and Immunes<\/strong><\/p><p>Below the rank of centurion men were designated as either <strong><em>principales<\/em><\/strong> or immunes. The <strong><em>optio<\/em><\/strong>, <strong><em>signifer<\/em><\/strong> and <strong><em>tesserarius <\/em><\/strong>were <strong><em>principales<\/em><\/strong> who assisted centurions and were exempt from normal fatigues. <strong><em>Immunes<\/em><\/strong>, men who were excused from regular fatigues by virtue of special skills (blacksmiths, carpenters, surveyors, medical assistants, etc.), comprised almost 20% of each unit.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5478078 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5478078\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a4cb0dd\" data-id=\"a4cb0dd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-15ea47e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"15ea47e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Signifer<\/strong><\/p><p>The standard bearer handled the paperwork at century level. Vegetius says that the garrison was managed by the <strong><em>signiferi<\/em><\/strong> who were directly responsible for finances. They recorded financial transactions, issued receipts, documented account activity and dispensed pay.<\/p><p><strong>Optio<\/strong><\/p><p>He was a chosen man, a centurion-in-training who assumed field command if the unit&#8217;s centurion was incapacitated or killed. He carried a staff of office known as a <strong><em>hastile<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p><p><strong>Tesserarius<\/strong><\/p><p>The <strong><em>tesserarius<\/em><\/strong> controlled the daily watchword and was responsible for sentries and other fatigues.<\/p><p><strong>Custos Armorum<\/strong><\/p><p>He was responsible for centurial equipment, repairs, and weapons.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-869fa79 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"869fa79\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0a60ca7\" data-id=\"0a60ca7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0606e69 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0606e69\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Decanus<\/strong><\/p><p>Each <strong><em>contubernium<\/em><\/strong> was commanded by a <strong><em>decanus<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p><p><strong>Miles<\/strong><\/p><p>The basic foot soldier served for 20-25 years (depending upon the time period).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-539c4ac\" data-id=\"539c4ac\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f437699 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f437699\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/IMG_0030-2006-PPS.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Contuburnium\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"A unit of 6-10 soldiers\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Nzc3LCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvcHJpbmNpcGlhbGVnaW9uaXMub3JnXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDIxXC8wNlwvSU1HXzAwMzAtMjAwNi1QUFMuanBnIn0%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"556\" src=\"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/IMG_0030-2006-PPS.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-777\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/IMG_0030-2006-PPS.jpg 958w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/IMG_0030-2006-PPS-300x261.jpg 300w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/IMG_0030-2006-PPS-768x667.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-59552a3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"59552a3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5a6886d\" data-id=\"5a6886d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e43ebf0\" data-id=\"e43ebf0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bdb6ccd elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"bdb6ccd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"628\" height=\"214\" src=\"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/SPQR.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-116\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/SPQR.jpg 628w, https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/SPQR-300x102.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 628px) 100vw, 628px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-153e392\" data-id=\"153e392\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>LEGION ORGANIZATION AND COMMAND STRUCTURE Legion Organization The Marian legion originally consisted of 60 centuries organized into ten cohorts broken down as follows: Each Century was composed of 10 contuburnia of 6-8 men. These soldiers ate, trained, bunked, laboured and fought together. They shared a mule and a tent on the march. Centuries were paired &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/index.php\/the-roman-army\/legion-organization-and-command-structure\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Legion Organization and Command Structure&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":61,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-532","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Legion Organization and Command Structure - Principia Legionis<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/principialegionis.org\/index.php\/the-roman-army\/legion-organization-and-command-structure\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Legion Organization and Command Structure - Principia Legionis\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"LEGION ORGANIZATION AND COMMAND STRUCTURE Legion Organization The Marian legion originally consisted of 60 centuries organized into ten cohorts broken down as follows: Each Century was composed of 10 contuburnia of 6-8 men. 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